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 Electrification capital costs  New system economics  In Motion Charging (IMC) from Kiepe  IMC animation  Dynamic charging of electric buses Download article version PDF  UITP In Motion Charging Knowledge Brief pdf  Smart Trolley Grid  Potential of In-Motion Charging Buses for the Electrification of Urban Bus Lines  Final EU Trolley 2.0 conference papers. manufacturers orders 2000-2020 model availabiltyLinks TrolleyMotion News TrolleyMotion Industry News Related pages - industry
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 Promoting quiet, clean urban transport using Overhead Electric, Zero Emission Trolleybuses - email The Electric Tbus Group updated 2/5/19 eQdigital |
Problems with battery electric buses - range limited to 150-200km insufficent for all-day service difficulties in coping with extreme weather need to recharge within working shift larger fleet needed for equivalent service difficulties for large scale intensive deployment increase to >200km range brings unacceptable weight penalty and significant replacement cost high charging capacity, <600kW, requires greater number of vehicles to maintain service flash charging, >600kW, has proved problematic technically and operationally charging at enroute stops not practical on high capacity routes two-wire plug-in charging is only practical overnight, needing large batteries four-wire pantograph charging has low flexibilty and higher infrastructure cost induction dynamic charging, especially wireless in-motion, has not proved practical no indications of radical increase in battery capacity or life, despite intense research fuel cell buses remain unrealistically expensive and energy inefficient
Advantages of tbus Dynamic In Motion Charging - high GHG emission reduction most economical ebus technology, especially for high capacity routes greater efficiency, operating from overhead uses 80% of consumption when operating from batteries 2x to 10x less battery requirement due to greater charging efficiences better overall performance lower total cost of ownership unrivalled hill climbing ability no need to stop to recharge can be combined with opportunity charging lay-over times are dependant on scheduling, not on technology requirements weight saving provides greater carrying capacity no restriction on heating/cooling needs no limit to daily vehicle usage, 100% availability lower total fleet size and lower labour costs total life cost is lower than battery equivalent, including infrastructure costs and maintenance ideally suited to higher capacity vehicles (24m, >200 passengers) smart trolley grids can provide urban DC infrastuctures for other e-vehicles provides balanced energy demand latest versions provide up to 500kW per bus braking energy recuperation technology provides additional power to smart grid simplified DC connections to renewable electrical supplies overhead infrastructure reduced only 20-30% of a route may need to be wired re-connection has no effect on operating timetable removes necessity of overhead crossings or frogs less overhead maintenance and cost overhead can serve several routes, improving synergy and cost effectiveness through higher utilisation provides balanced energy demand well established hardware with potential for development -
improved collector current capacity, higher line voltage, better charging electronics, reduced auxiliaries energy consumption and AI potential particular advantages for new systems with dedicated traffic lanes overhead provides customer confidence in transport provision commitment little visual intrusion protection of historical centres potential for later conversion to light rail
 Line 5 in Salzburg is now extended by 10km to Grödig, without overhead. Salzburg AG References - E-bus 2020 In Motion Charging - HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, 2020 In Motion Charging - Innovative Trolleybus, Gunter Mackinger et al., UITP Knowledge Brief, 2019 Dynamic Charging of Electric Buses, Mikołaj Bartłomiejczyk, Gdansk University of Technology, 2018 Kiepe Electric IMC systems, Seattle, San Francisco, Dayton, Milan, Modena, Rimini, Solingen, Linz, Esslingen, Arnhem, Zurich, Prague etc. Potential of In-Motion Charging Buses for the Electrification of Urban Bus Lines, Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering, vol.6, no. 4, 2016 Energy Saving Potential of a Battery-Assisted Fleet of Trollybuses, Andreas Ritter et al. Dept. of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 2016 Analysis of limiting factors of battery assisted trolleybuses, Dobroslav Grygar et al, 13th International Scientific Conference on Sustainable, Modern and Safe Transport, 2019 Potential Application of Solar Energy Systems for Electrified Urban Transportation Systems, Mikołaj Bartłomiejczyk, Gdansk University of Technology, 2018 Hess 19DC trolleybuses in Biel can operate for 30km without overhead and charge in-motion (600V/750V 200kVA) or plug into a charging station (400V AC 22kVA). Hess  IMC ready, with a modular battery charging system, the new fleet of 20 Van Hool 24m trolleybuses in Linz can be retrofitted for future system developments. Carrying up to 180 passengers, the vehicles have a 5km battery range. Van Hool  Kiepe has developed a standardised 15.2kWh, 300kg 662V battery module for in-motion charging trolleybuses, manufactured by Voltabox. Three of the containers, each with 12 modules of Lithium titante cells, makeup a system, together with air-conditiong for liquid battery cooling. The first 240 containers are destined for four trolleybus cities in Switzerland and Italy by spring 2021. Voltabox More details of worldwide Tbus developments are here |